The Bhagavad Gita Free Essay Example, 1000 words

In the same way those who sleep too much and those who sleep too little also can not succeed in meditation† (6:16). In contrast, â€Å"those who are temperate in eating and sleeping, work and recreation will come to the end of sorrow† (6:17). Although Bhagavad Gita introduces a moderate level of meditation practices, varying concepts of strict physical as well as mental exertion have been popular in Indian sub-continent for centuries. Different from other literatures on Yoga, Gita has simplified the technique of meditation for laymen. When Arjuna finds it hard to control his mind, Krishna says that untrained mind is restless and when it is tamed it will become like a flame in a windless place (6: 20). Meditation will help one to bring the wandering mind back to the source. Thus when the mind becomes still and touches ‘Atman’/ self, it begins to experience delight. This basic method of meditation is cherished by all world religions today. In addition to its spiritual aspects, yoga has certain positive effects on human mind and body. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bhagavad Gita or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page After advising the path of meditation Krishna reminds Arjuna that determination and sustained enthusiasm is essential for following the path of yoga. However, Arjuna can not comprehend the whole meaning of the spiritual way that Krishna advises. Arjuna asks Krishna what happens if one knows the significance of spiritual life but fails to follow the path of meditation. Krishna comforts him saying that none of his efforts will be futile and the person would get further chances to pursue it in coming births (6:40). The concept of rebirth is the notable feature of Indian philosophy or Hinduism. Before understanding the concept of rebirth one should learn the meaning of the terms ‘atman’ and ‘Brahma’ in Indian Scriptures. According to this, human life is bound to unending cycle of death and rebirth. One needs to realize the individual soul that is ‘Atman’ as the initial step to attain the ultimate freedom.

Humanity the Strive for Perfection - 2019 Words

When you hear the word perfection, what is the first image that pops out of your mind? Is it the bright, shiny, twinkling smile of Ian Somerhalder or is it the sexy body of Megan Fox? Or perhaps is it just the cute face of your crush in one of your classes? Or maybe the simple concept of having complete and functional limbs is enough for you to be considered perfect already. For Merriam Webster, perfection is the freedom from fault or defect – or just plain flawlessness. As for most of the people, they view perfection as someone having a face which resembles a Greek god; or somebody who has immaculately fair, white skin similar to an angel that fell from the heavens. They consider someone perfect if he has the ability to make their jaw†¦show more content†¦If you picked the former, then good for you, pat yourself on the back; if not, then unfortunately, you have a low self-esteem. Low self-esteem is another reason why people intensely strive for perfection. They are n ot confident with their appearances that they still look for numerous ways to improve their features. According to studies in psychology, people tend to move in the direction opposite to the course they want to avoid the most (Radwan, Know Myself). In simpler terms, people strive for perfection because they do not feel perfect; they are not satisfied with the way their faces and curves appear. They feel inferior to others that they do everything just to feel good about their selves, and that is to attain perfection as close as possible. And feeling good about yourself increases your confidence and sense of worth greatly which would cause a glow of pride and satisfaction radiate from your body; and that shining aura of yours would astonish the people around you, making you more respectable than before. Just like in my own experiences, people noticed that I look more confident and happier now when I smile than before I got my braces. My upper teeth were so far from each other like the y had some grudges from the past that I did not know of, so it was sometimes really embarrassing to smile while possessing those teeth. There is also my mother who actually bought a fake tooth worth more than P30, 000 just to show a complete set ofShow MoreRelatedHumanity: the Strive for Perfection2012 Words   |  9 PagesWhen you hear the word perfection, what is the first image that pops out of your mind? Is it the bright, shiny, twinkling smile of Ian Somerhalder or is it the sexy body of Megan Fox? Or perhaps is it just the cute face of your crush in one of your classes? Or maybe the simple concept of having complete and functional limbs is enough for you to be considered perfect already. For Merriam Webster, perfection is the freedom from fault or defect – or just plain flawlessness. As for most of the peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of Hawthorne s Conception Of Human Nature Through His Stories1347 Words   |  6 Pagesdealing with the nature of human beings, with themes incl uding religion, perfection, and the natural world. His works have been lauded for their treatment of the human condition. Several stories, such as â€Å"The Birthmark†, â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter†, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, and â€Å"The Black Veil†, have been chosen to explain Hawthorne’s understanding of human nature. â€Å"The Birthmark† especially explains the pursuit of human perfection and the notion that nature cannot be overcome by humankind. â€Å"Rappaccini’sRead MoreBernard Is An Outcast? Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pages187) This quote proves that John learned how to handle is emotions and learned emotions from Shakespeare. â€Å"If perfection looms this large in our lives, then we must learn to come to terms with it†, according to Arthur Bochner, who wrote Terms of Perfection, perfection is an important part of humanity. (Terms of Perfection, 5) The evidence to prove that humanity has strived for perfection over many years of our existence is in our inventions and our DNA itself, â€Å"Even when these interventions haveRead MoreThe Birthmark By Nathaniel Hawthorne1185 Words   |  5 Pagess death and that when man manipulates something as powerful as Nature, terrible things can occur. Aylmer is a scientist whose strives for perfection and is blinded by his love for science, resulting in the death of his wife due to his attempt to overpower Nature and dispose of the birthmark on her cheek. This signifies the ultimate reality that man cannot achieve perfection by defeating Nature. Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Birthmark† demonstrates how the writer uses the development of charactersRead MoreThe Essence of Humanity Essay503 Words   |  3 PagesThe Essence of Humanity What makes us human? What underlying characteristic differentiates humans from animals or Gods? Where does the essence of humanity lie? Initially the answer may seem simple. One might say when comparing animals to humans that they are cruder than humans; they live their life by instinct, they dont love, they dont strive to educate themselves and each other - their overriding goal is to survive and make it through the day. Yet, human history and the scientificRead MoreOration on the Dignity of Man: Analysis Essay731 Words   |  3 Pagesthat humans can choose their destiny and in doing so can achieve perfection. He presents a piece of work that challenges the medieval view of human nature. There was a great deal of emphasis on human creative power during the renaissance period. Humanists of the time like Pico, sought to show how man is great and can reach excellence through his own effort, which was a radical change in belief compared to the Augustinian view of humanity where Human beings were thought to be â€Å"completely subject to divineRead MoreWorst Debater : Alain De Botton1123 Words   |  5 Pagesthat he took. Botton based his arguments on a liberal arts perspective which consisted of mainly philosophical standpoints. In a nutshell, his main argument was that are genetically flawed creatures and because of these flaws we will never reach perfection and thus humanity’s best days cannot lie ahead. He believes in the â€Å"philosophy of pessimistic realism† and the â€Å"philosophy of wisdom†. Having a liberal arts perspective on the debate only weakened his stand against his opponent who took scientificRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Bi rthmark1476 Words   |  6 PagesBirthmark,† it appears that Aylmer the main character wants to show the world that perfection is not beauty, and he demonstrates this with his wife Georgiana and that science should not alter the way that nature set man on this world to be. Hawthorne was a major asset to the transcendental movement, and this short story is a perfect example why. Nathaniel Hawthorne attempts to show the world the comparison between perfection and beauty mainly by: a psychoanalytic version of the plot and Sigmund Freud’sRead MoreThe Code Of Chivalry By Sir Gawain1503 Words   |  7 Pages2015 Equal Perfection The code of chivalry is an important plot element in Sir Gawain and The Green Knight that constructs ideal characteristics for the court of Camelot under King Arthur’s rule. This code also represents perfection, to which Camelot was described as being close to perfect. Even though never expressly stated within the work, other kinsmen related to Arthur outside Camelot share varying ethics within the code. Clearly The Knight’s code was more than a goal for perfection but also aRead MoreSymbolism In The Birthmark By Nathaniel Hawthorne792 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The birthmark†, a short story written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1844 tells the story of a man obsessed with human perfection. He is a scientist by the name of Aylmer who has recently married a very beautiful woman named Georgina. Although Georgina is a beautiful woman, she has a birthmark in the shape of a tiny hand on her cheek. He sees the birthmark as a flaw and as an opportunity to perfect the alread y beautiful woman he loves. Aylmer, a perfectionist and ambitious scientist becomes obsessed

Marketing Strategy Analysis for Emirates airline Free Essays

Introduction As the airline industry is especially increasing and highly competitors so, there are many market share in the industry. Moreover, the airline industry is affected by the environmental (e.g. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Strategy Analysis for Emirates airline or any similar topic only for you Order Now political, economics and etc.) that decreasing the number of passengers. At this point, there are many reasons, which have an affect on the airline industry to competitive among industry, so many airline companies need have developed their strategies to be more effectively in order to lead the market area. Emirates airline is one of the big company in the airline industry, but today there are large number of Airline companies are still growing in the market, which are looking for stealing a market share. In this point, with in the growing industry there are more and more choices for the customer to be able to chose the airline who they wanted to traveling with and yet still looking for the one which can serve their need also. Due to the hitting of economic slump, it’s sent the effect to the large commercial airline shrinks them and may not be able to expand the company. Therefore, the switching cost to the low cost airline has also created an impact on the Emirates airline. In order to maintain the business success and obtain customer to flying with, the airline also need to modify their strategies and service which could give to customer feels the different and added value after purchasing the products. The aim of this report, the author is trend to analyze and evaluate the strategic issues, which can be able to give and effectiveness for the airline to develop their strategic use to be more effectively. In this report will consist of two major parts: part one will analyze which strategic formulation and lead to implement strategic approach as gaining ahead competitive advantages from resolving the switching cost of consumer leak to the budget airline. In the following part, the author will recommend and conclude at the end of the section. Methodology In this research, the author trends to use a secondary data sources to seek and conduct this research. This is because of the use of the secondary, it’s also give the reader to gather information a wider range from the different sources which can justify and analyze in order to achieve the tasks. In addition, the use of the secondary data will also give an efficiency in term of saving time to conduct this research from the available sources e.g. The Internet, Books and journals are also an important in term of apply and develop with their own report. Target Market and Positioning In terms of performing the business, the marketer should be identifying who is the customers and understand the customer action for a product or service in order to providing the satisfy goods or service for them. Emirates airline is one of the air carrier, which have hardly felt the economic and airline down turn. There are three major categories of passengers: tourism and business, expatriates and transit passengers. UAE’s Tourism and Business segment Customers. Dubai’s emergence as a regional business and tourism hub that has provided Emirates airline plenty of room for increasing and has fueled regional air passenger traffic. Dubai aims to attract 15 million visitors by the next year. Therefore, Emirates airline should plan to take advantage from this situation that can make more passengers to the airline. Expatriates in UAE Because of Dubai economic is rapidly increasing, it has created huge demand of workface and the highly paid labor market is a major attraction for the various workface around the world. The diversity of population enables Emirates to plan their route; they have reached mutual agreement with almost all the national authorities around the world to operate in. Dubai operate in an â€Å"open sky† policy, which allow any carrier to compete with Emirates airline. Transit passengers Due to Dubai is the operational hub for Emirates airline; it is the best position to connect between Europe, Asia and Australia that can be support to the airline. Emirates has been using â€Å"connecting point† in the promotional of their marketing especially transit passengers, the well established and marketed wide range network enables their to prosper in particular segment. Strategic formulation Marketing Plan In order to identify Emirates airline strategic options, ANSOFF directional matrix can be used as a starting point to identify the options that are available. According to Aaker and Mcloughlin (2007), there are four possible alternative growth strategies that can be developed. It consists of market penetration, market development, product development, and diversification. (see appendix 1) – Marketing Penetration (Improving In-fight Service) Business focuses on selling existing products to existing markets drives growth strategy for Market Penetration. 1) Retain and boost market share of Emirate airlines product and services. 2) Protect market dominance of Emirates airlines existing markets. 3) Driving out competitors by restructuring mature market. 4) Enhance usage of existing passengers. Tele-communication is essential element in everyone daily life, in order to enabling passengers to make voice and data call over aircraft’s telecom system, Emirates would like to add communication while on the airplane, it would be very good service for the business passengers. Currently, Emirates have an expensive telecommunications method to make voice call and Internet, passenger’s mobile phone should be beam signal to the ground satellite system and from Immarsat, which is already installed on most of the Emirate airplanes. – Marketing Development (Extending New Routes) Due to the number of services is increasing into new markets where company seeks to sell their product to new areas so, the launching existing services to new area or new market segments is a possible way to achieve this strategy. The objective of Emirates airline is building up Dubai into a popular aviation centre that will finally serve as an important universal long haul hub. It provides an alternative to the traditional European airline hubs as Heathrow Airport (London), Charles De Gaulle (Paris) and Schiphol (Amsterdam). The airline heavily promotes Dubai as a destination, offering reduced hotel rates as well as insight to event like the Dubai shopping Festival that hope to attract more travelers to the city. In order to improving the number of tourism, Emirates airline add new route and destination especially in UAE tourism. Due to the airline managed road shows and press convention to announce its entry to new city, these event allow travel agents, tour operators and local airline personnel in contact and gain information about Emirates’ new routes, holiday packages and other promotion that can give a advantage for the airline. After performing a new route to the country’s economic hub – Shanghai – the airline offers passengers a chance to visit the epicenter of China’s political and cultural activities. Because of China’s richest city in terms of historical value and has a heritage that dates back over 3000 years and houses marvels as the Forbidden City, the Great Wall of China and the Ming Tombs. The success of Dubai as an intercontinental hub, it has been facilitated by airline such as Emirates. The centre point of Dubai has become extremely important; because of it hardly two points on the globe where it is not logical or possible to use Dubai and connecting point, and it usually a good direct route. – Product Development (Private Suite) Introducing new services into existing markets implies product development is strategy, which involves the development of skill and requires business to expand customized services that can apply to current markets. As Dubai is a hub for international business travelers, this is time to improve new product to provide for top-level business executives. The CEO’ imagine of multi-national company makes lengthy overseas journey to attend a board meeting that could have a main impact on the company financials. The fact, company would like CEO to be on top for the rested, refreshed and relaxed so, the cost of CEO’s air travel is doesn’t seem so expensive when comparing to service for them. Emirates airline has more services for business travelers that is reason why Emirates airline introduce high quality first class private lounges to attract business travelers. The premium class private suit would be fully outfitted with personal storage, coat cabinet and desk and individual mini bar. Long seat reclines to become fully horizontal couch and TV wide screen. Exceptional level of personal services including a gourmet and wines provided by specially trained multi-lingual cabin crews are the other value addition for this product. – Related Diversification (Low-cost carrier) The last strategic option allows Emirates airline to exploit its competitive advantages in airline service qualities. Diversification is a strategy, where business sells new services to new market segment. It is more precarious strategy because of limited experience on particular new market areas (Lee and Carter, 2009). After the European low cost carriers are a successful, Middle East operator also started expression to explore new marketing concepts of â€Å"Frills-free† fly. The low cost airline is increasing at more times in the average industry. The low cost airline offers lower prices than traditional airline by fascinate promotion. The low cost has flexibility fare that is one reason why some people is switching cost to them. Air Arabia dominates exclusively to this low cost carrier service in UAE. Therefore, Emirates Airlines must decide how to respond this threat posed to the large expatriate market in UAE. Among the options considered there is scope to introduce low-cost subsidiary of Emirates Airlines. Emirates Airlines be supposed to slightly spread from current marketing objectives to obtain the low cost airline market share and to retain its customer base of UAE expatriate market. This can be done launching new subsidiary to cater budget airline market. The key routes should be high demand and large number of expatriate’s home country like Egypt, India and Pakistan. In terms of Emirates Airline system, new budget airline is help to introduce new Al-Makthoum International Airport in Jebel Ail that is located on Dubai border. This will provide residents of Dubai and Northern emirates enhanced travel option to neighboring destinations. Emirates Airlines is placing lease order of for 200 aircrafts. The carrier is expected to use Airbus A320 or a Boeing 737 on lease basis for the first few years prior to acquiring ownership status. Implement Strategic As Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel (1998) the implement strategic is going to using after the marketing plan, it should be evaluated. The evaluation is necessary for extent the marketing objectives, it have been achieved during the specified time period. Improving In-Flight Service: Success criteria of deploying a system to allow passenger to use their mobile phones for communication, it is increasing market penetration. It can be measured in terms of voice and data usage and expansion of market penetration. There is not corrective action plan if it fails to respond. Extending new routes New destinations are implemented to achieve market development. Flight market occupancy is showed the result of this strategy. It needs to re-discover new destination if the flight occupancy level is lower than expected. First Class Private Suites The first class private suites is a new product of Emirate airline, it can be measured the success of the product. Quantitative measurement of this product would be number of booking or occupancy. If it fails, the corrective plan is reducing the tickets price. Budget Airlines Success criteria would be capturing new customer base for the airline. Since its separate operating entity we can estimate financial results of operating profit would be good measure to evaluate the success of budget airline subsidiary. Conclusion To conclusion, the related diversification options were suggested as the firm strategic business solution. The overall analytical approaches primarily from the positioning operational hub as a Dubai. However, the firm has high capability to expand its competencies and capabilities into other market areas that the resource based view approach is estimated as the most suitable one. How to cite Marketing Strategy Analysis for Emirates airline, Essay examples

Tourism Hospitality Sales and Promotion

Question: Discuss about the Tourism Hospitality Sales and Promotion. Answer: Introduction The identified advertisement has been published in Virgin Australia Voyeur magazine presenting the incredible natural beauty of Australia. The promotional advertisement will attract the tourists travel in Virgin Airlines to visit Australia. In addition to that, the selection of representation technique and images of most renowned natural destinations have been reflected on the print advertisement to provide a fabulous location (Raghavan, 2015). The destination will help the airline to bring more business clients to choose Virgin Airlines to visit the country. Organisation and Industry Background Virgin Australia Airlines is the second largest Australian airline company that serves the main cities of Australia. The company was formally named as Virgin Blue Airlines that has turned to be the biggest airline by the fleet. Virgin Australia transformed its services to become the New World Carrier and has served the needs of Australian Tourism Department (Travel.virginaustralia.com, 2016). Australia is a good choice for nature loving people, and the development of the Airline industry has served the tourism needs of the country. Major cities of Australia are connected through air support that provides the visitors with a comfortable experience. Market Review The statistical data of tourism industry shows that domestic travelling has declined in the recent years due to different terrorist activities all across the world. Furthermore, the recent fluctuation in the oil prices has negatively impacted the Australian Airline Industry. Considering the international tourism in Australia, it can be seen that the figures of international tourist visiting Australia has increased in the recent years (Park Young Jin, 2015). Hence, the tourism industry and other support industry that relies on the tourism industry have the potential to grow in the recent years. A figure has been given below that presents the number of tourists visiting Australia from different parts of the world. Figure: Tourist visits in Australia Source: (www.tourism.australia.com, 2015) Recent development in the marketing policies of the Australian Tourism industry portrays a pull in the demand of tourist visiting Australia. Hence, there is a potential for growth in the Airline industry as well as in the tourism industry of Australia (Stewart and Furse, 2010). To fight the high level of competition, Virgin Australia has improvised different marketing tactics and advertising activities to promote the brand in Australia. In order to promote the brand, the company has focused on promoting Australian tourism to attract foreign visitors. Critical evaluation of the promotion and advertising AIDA framework The AIDA framework has been highly applied in the magazine advertisement as described below. Attention: In order to get the attention of the target audience, significant photographs and presentation techniques have utilised in the magazine advertisement. On the other hand, vibrant colours have been used to get the attention of the target demographics. Interest: In terms of interest perspective, the highly classified advertisement will let the reader know about the most suitable destination of the island continent. Moreover, the presentation is the key resource of public interest in this very advertisement (Janssens and De Pelsmacker, 2015). Desire: The name of the brand has been tactically utilised in the advertisement to promote Virgin Airlines through their Virgin Australia Voyeur magazine. The desire of the advertisement can be mentioned as the inspiration to visit Australia through the Virgin Airlines. Action: The action presented in the advertisement will encourage the passengers of Virgin Airlines to prefer the services of the group in case of visiting a prime destination such as Australia from any part of the globe. Advertising Appeal Looking into the printed advertisement of Virgin Airlines, it can be seen that the picture portrays different appeals to the viewers to attract their attention. First is the rational appeal that provides the viewers with knowledge about Australia and some major attraction of the region (Stewart and Koslow, 2009). Second is the sexual appeal that has been used by portraying a female figure in the advertisement. Hence, it can be seen that the advertisement is quite effective in attracting people and helping the company to promote its brand and Australian tourism. Message execution style In the given print advertisement, the message execution style has included vibrant images, public lifestyle and testimonial of the prime locations in Australia. By focusing on the main holiday destinations in Australia, the magazine advertisement has made an appeal to the target audience to pick the best locations. Also, the introductory brief about the Great Barrier Reef has been provided to encourage the visitors. Along with that, one of the selected images has perfectly explained the lifestyle of the people in the visiting country. Furthermore, the testimonial of the locations has been impressive for message execution supportive for the airline corporation (Kim, 2015). Recommendation On the basis of the selected advertisement of Virgin Airlines, some of the additional features and services must be included in the advertisement so that the target customers may identify the latest schemes and services of the airline company. Tactically, the advertisement should focus on a particular subject or service of the airline corporation (Gotlieb and Sarel, 2012). Moreover, the message execution style can be improved by promoting some product symbols or building a mood around the subject of the advertisement. Conclusion The complimentary advertisement has shown the tourist locations and lifestyle of the visitors in the prime locations in Australia to motivate them for visiting the country. At the same point in time, as the magazine is given to the passengers of Virgin Airlines in the boarding schedule, the passengers will identify the services and advantages of the airlines for further access through the advertisement. References Anon, (2014).Virgin Australia Voyeur. [online] Available at: https://travel.virginaustralia.com/sites/default/files/styles/hero_large/public/landing_page/display_image/20140910/1000x400_voyeur.jpg [Accessed Aug. 2016]. Gotlieb, J. and Sarel, D. (2012). The influence of type of advertisement, price, and source credibility on perceived quality.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 20(3), pp.253-260. Janssens, W. and De Pelsmacker, P. (2015). Advertising for New and Existing Brands: The Impact of Media Context and Type of Advertisement.Journal of Marketing Communications, 11(2), pp.113-128. Kim, W. (2015). An Exploratory Study of the Influence of Cognitive Styles on the Perception and Advertising Effects of Contextual Advertising.The Korean Journal of Advertising and Public Relations, 17(3), p.169. park young jin, (2015). A study on advertisement effects of the type of Internet banner advertising -Focusing on the Naver Time board Rolling board-.Journal of Korea Design Knowledge, null(34), pp.397-406. Raghavan, J. (2015). Branding Unity: Impact of Advertisements on Patriotism, Unity and Communal Harmony.Media Watch, 6(1), p.82. Stewart, D. and Furse, D. (2010). Analysis of the Impact of Executional Factors on Advertising Performance.Journal of Advertising Research, 40(6), pp.85-88. Stewart, D. and Koslow, S. (2009). Executional Factors and Advertising Effectiveness: A Replication.Journal of Advertising, 18(3), pp.21-32. Travel.virginaustralia.com. (2016).Virgin Airlines. [online] Available at: https://travel.virginaustralia.com/sites/default/files/styles/hero_large/public/landing_page/display_image/20140910/1000x400_voyeur.jpg [Accessed Aug. 2016]. tourism.australia.com. (2015). ABSarrivalsDec2015. [online] Available at: https://www.tourism.australia.com/documents/Statistics/ABSarrivalsDec2015.pdf [Accessed Aug. 2016].

Bullying and Teasing Essay Essay Example

Bullying and Teasing Essay Paper Abstraction The importance of the acknowledgment of intimidation is to acquire people to detect and be cognizant of what’s traveling on around them. For them to see the harm and injury it is doing every person. The statistics of intimidation is so overpowering that it rousing and scaring at the same clip. Bullying and Teasing: No Laughing Matter Unfortunately. tease is frequently portion of turning up — about every kid experiences it. But it isn’t ever every bit innocuous as it seems. Wordss can do hurting. Teasing becomes strong-arming when it is insistent or when there is a witting purpose to ache another kid. If more people were cognizant of the injury and harm cause by strong-arming. people would seek to forestall it more and there would be less victims of it. It can be verbal intimidation ( doing menaces. name-calling ) . psychological intimidation ( excepting kids. distributing rumours ) . or physical intimidation ( hitting. forcing. taking a child’s ownerships ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying and Teasing Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying and Teasing Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying and Teasing Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer How Bullying Starts Strong-arming behaviour is prevailing throughout the universe and it cuts across socio-economic. racial/ethnic. and cultural lines. Research workers estimate that 20 to 30 per centum of school-age kids are involved in strong-arming incidents. as either culprits or victims. Strong-arming can get down every bit early as preschool and escalate during transitional phases. such as get downing school in 1st class or traveling into the in-between school. Victims of strong-arming are frequently diffident and be given to be physically weaker than their equals. They may besides hold low self-prides and hapless societal accomplishments. which makes it difficult for them to stand up for themselves. Bullies consider these kids safe marks because they normally don’t retaliate. Effectss of Strong-arming If your kid is the victim of intimidation. he may endure physically and emotionally. and his school assignment will probably demo it. Grades bead because. alternatively of listening to the instructor. childs are inquiring what they did incorrect and whether anyone will sit with them at tiffin. If blustery persists. they may be afraid to travel to school. Problems with low self-prides and depression can last into maturity and interfere with personal and professional lives. Bullies are affected excessively. even into maturity ; they may hold trouble organizing positive relationships. They are more disposed to utilize baccy and intoxicant. and to be opprobrious partners. Some surveies have even found a correlativity with ulterior condemnable activities. Warning Signs If you’re concerned that your kid is a victim of badgering or strong-arming. expression for these marks of emphasis:* Increased passiveness or backdown* Frequent weeping* Recurrent ailments of physical symptoms such as stomach-aches or concerns with no evident cause* Unexplained contusions* Sudden bead in classs or other acquisition jobs* Not desiring to travel to school* Significant alterations in societal life — all of a sudden no 1 is naming or widening invitations* Sudden alteration in the manner your kid negotiations — naming herself a also-ran. or a former friend a dork How to Help First. give your kid infinite to speak. If she recounts incidences of badgering or strong-arming. be empathic. If your kid has problem verbalising her feelings. read a narrative about kids being You can besides utilize marionettes. dolls. or stuffed animate beings to promote a immature kid to move out jobs. Once you’ve opened the door. assist your kid get down to problem-solve. Role-play state of affairss and learn your kid ways to react. You might besides necessitate to assist your kid happen a manner to travel on by promoting her to make out and do new friends. She might fall in squads and school nines to widen her circle. At place and on the resort area: Adults need to step in to assist kids decide strong-arming issues. but naming another parent straight can be slippery unless he or she is a close friend. It is easy to happen yourself in a â€Å"he said/she said† statement. Try to happen an intermediary: even if the intimidation occurs outside of school. a instructor. counsellor. manager. or after-school plan manager may be able to assist intercede a productive treatment. If you do happen yourself speaking straight to the other parent. seek to make it in individual instead than over the phone. Don’t Begin with an angry relation of the other child’s discourtesies. Put the phase for a collaborative attack by proposing traveling to the resort area. or walking the kids to school together. to detect interactions and jointly express disapproval for any unacceptable behaviour. At school: Many schools ( sometimes as portion of a statewide attempt ) have plans particularly designed to raise consciousness of strong-arming behaviour and to assist parents and instructors deal efficaciously with it. Check with your local school territory to see if it has such a plan. Schools and parents can work efficaciously behind the scenes to assist a child meet and do new friends via survey groups or science-lab partnerships. If you are concerned about your kid: * Share with the instructor what your kid has told you ; depict any tease or strong-arming you may hold witnessed. * Ask the instructor if she sees similar behaviour at school. and enlist her aid in happening ways to work out the job. * If she hasn’t seen any cases of badgering. ask that she maintain an oculus out for the behaviour you described. * If the instructor says your kid is being teased. happen out whether there are any things he may be making in category to pull badgering. Ask how he responds to the tease. and discuss assisting him develop a more effectual response. * After the initial conversation. be certain to do a follow-up assignment to discourse how things are traveling. * If the job persists. or the teacher ignores your concerns. and your kid starts to retreat or non desire to travel to school. see the possibility of â€Å"therapeutic intercession. † Ask to run into with the school counsellor or psychologist. or bespeak a referral to the appropriate school professional. Bullying and suicide nexus together. Not many people see that. A batch of grownups still see strong-arming as† merely being a kid† . It is a serious job that leads to many negative effects of victims. including suicide. Peoples don’t see but a major part of victims of self-destruction are linked to being bullied. The statistics on intimidation and self-destruction are dismaying: * Suicide is the 3rd prima cause of decease among immature people. ensuing in approximately 4. 400 deceases per twelvemonth. harmonizing to the CDC. For every self-destruction among immature people. there are at least 100 suicide efforts. Over 14 per centum of high school pupils have considered self-destruction. and about 7 per centum have attempted it. * Bully victims are between 2 to 9 times more likely to see suicide than non-victims. harmonizing to surveies by Yale University * A survey in Britain found that at least half of self-destructions among immature people are related to strong-arming * 10 to 14 twelvemonth old misss may be at even higher hazard for self-destruction. harmonizing to the survey above * Harmonizing to statistics reported by ABC News. about 30 per centum of pupils are either toughs or victims of intimidation. and 160. 000 childs stay place from school every twenty-four hours because of fright of strong-arming Bully-related self-destruction can be connected to any type of strong-arming. including physical intimidation. emotional intimidation. cyber intimidation. and sexting. or go arounding implicative or bare exposures or messages about a individual. Some schools or parts have more serious jobs with intimidation and self-destruction related to strong-arming. This may be due to an inordinate job with intimidation at the school. It could besides be related to the inclination of pupils who are exposed to suicide to see suicide themselves. There are excessively many childs out at that place. which are being bullied and teased. I think ; I know if more people were cognizant of this issue more and the harm it causes to each person’s life. they would seek to forestall it. There would be a lower rate of bullied victims.

Lewis Carroll In Wonderland Essays - Alice In Wonderland

Lewis Carroll In Wonderland Essays - Alice In Wonderland Lewis Carroll in Wonderland I.Through the writings of Lewis Carroll in the story Alice in Wonderland the difference between fantasy and reality can be seenthrough the eyes of a child. The stories created by Carroll are a combination of make believe stories made to entertain children he talked to on an almost daily basis. Seen as odd by adults in society Carroll better associated himself with children because of his stammering disability when speaking. A. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson B. Alice in Wonderland C. Impressions II.Charles Lutwidge Dodgeson A. Talents B. Pseudonym of Dodgson 1. Inspiration of Alice III.Alice in Wonderland A. Fantasy vs. Reality 1. Interpretation of Alice a. Growning-up b. Alice's feelings 2. True Fantasy B. Imagery IV.Impressions A. Impact on society 1. Interest of society 2. Ability to learn more Jennifer Stark Mr. Desormier English 12 Honors March 23, 1998 Lewis Carroll In Wonderland Through the writing of Lewis Carroll in the story Alice in Wonderland the difference between fantasy and reality can be seen through the eyes of a child. The stories created by Carroll are a combination of make believe stories made to entertain children he talked to on an almost daily basis. Seen as odd by adults in society Carroll better associated himself with children because of his stammering disability when speaking. Carroll the man of many talents was born Charles Lutwidge Dodgson on January 27, 1832. Out of a family of eleven children Dodgson was the oldest son and third child. As a child he was very academic and had many interest which he pursued after becoming a deacon in the Church of England. His many accomplishments include Mathematician, English logician, photographer, and novelist ("Carroll, Lewis"). From the imagination of Lewis Carroll came Alice in Wonderland and many books like it created for children. These books have been compared and interpreted by adults around the world to get a better understanding of who Carroll was as a person. For ages children have enjoyed reading about Alice and her adventure but that story is not the only thing accredited to Carroll. Carroll the man of many talents was born Charles Lutwidge Dodgson on January 27, 1832. Out of a family of eleven children Dodgson was the oldest son and third child. As a child he was very academic and had many interest which he pursued after becoming a deacon in the Church of England. His many accomplishments include mathematician, english logician, photographer, and novelist (Cohen 52-3). Later in life while writing humorous works he used the pseudonym Lewis Carroll. Dodgson arrived at this pen name by taking his own name Charles Lutwidge, and translating it into Latin as Carolus Ludovicus, then reversing and retranslating them in to English. The pen name he used only for nonacadmemic works. He then in turn used his real name when writing books on mathematics such as Euclid and His Modern Rivals (1879) which is one of historical interest ("Carroll, Lewis"). Carroll's inspiration to write Alice in Wonderland came from his entertaining of the Liddell children. Under the supervision of the governess, Carroll read stories to entertain them on their visits to his college room, where he taught mathematics. The children's father was dean of Christ Church College where Carroll taught (Hudson 264). Alice Liddell the oldest of the children was the one who begged Carroll to write the Alice Adventure's out, he did so and gave it to her. When handing the finished product to Alice he never gave any thought about hearing about it again. In weeks to come Henry Kingsley the novelist picked up the story while sitting in the drawing room of the Liddell house. When Kingsley finished reading about Alice and her Adventurers he urged Mrs. Liddell to persuade the author to publish it. Carroll impressed by Kingsley's suggestion consulted his friend George MacDonald. MacDonald read it to his children, in which they thoroughly enjoyed it and wished for "60,000 vo lumes of it." Carroll then revised it and published it in 1865 ("Carroll, Lewis"). It was all very well to say 'DRINK ME,' but the wise little Alice was not going to do that in a hurry. 'No, I'll look first,' she said 'and see whether it's marked "poison" or not'; for she had read several nice little histories about children who had got burnt, and eaten up by wild beasts and other unpleasant things, all

The Black Panther Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Black Panther - Essay Example However, time and events have impacted the American Dream as well as the nature of people that have believed in it. During the last several decades, the transforming nature of the American Dream has demonstrated the development of the American character, which has left many analysts and observes quite mystified, worried and at times utterly annoyed (Blanc, 2003). However, principally the American Dream is said to be deeply ingrained in a utopian conviction relative to the world’s perfectibility, which for all practical purposes could just be present in the eye of the beholder. But in the context of the American psyche, worldly imperfection ought to be removed and rectified by adopting measures through individual and collective actions. American citizens have developed a reputation for reacting quickly, spotting deficiencies and are known to make efforts in finding the right options in order to endeavor to endlessly strive towards achieving perfection. However, critics argue th at the American Dream has remained a myth for working class Blacks in America, at much higher levels as compared to working class whites. A major proportion of the Black population is characterized with suffering from poverty and low pay, which is evident from the fact that a large percentage of Blacks are still classified as poor. Unemployment amongst Blacks is double as compared to whites and they stand twice the number of chances of dying early from diseases and crime at every stage in life. It was in view of these circumstances that the Black Panther Party for Self Defense became very powerful and popular during the 1950s and 1960s and embodied the highest level in terms of the large scale rebellions that swept across the US during this period, against the prevalence of poverty and racism. It can be said that the extent and severity of poverty and racism presently experienced by Blacks in America is not much different from what it was during the 1950s and 1960s. It is also true that the numbers of affluent people amongst Blacks have increased significantly and there is now a Black minority that has also entered the elite class in US society. The ruling parties during the 1950s and 1960s had acted in response to the revolts during the 1950s and 1960s by taking conscious decisions of developing the Black middle classes in order to prevent the revolutionary movement from escalating further. More essentially, the move was to develop a realistic adaptation of the American Dream for Blacks in America. In fact, the Second World War had impacted the civil rights movement in America during this period. The large numbers of Black soldiers who had fought in favor of American imperialist policies were surprised at the hypocrisy surrounding the war propaganda. On the one side American capitalists fought to remove racism practiced by the Nazis and on the other hand there was cruel racism being practiced in their own country. Moreover, the economic prosperity in America implied that larger numbers of Blacks were relocating to cities and becoming part of the working class. By the year 1970, almost 75 percent of the Black population in America was living in cities, and in view of their large majority their confidence

Assess the extend to which the merger between firms is in the interest Essay

Assess the extend to which the merger between firms is in the interest of both consumers and the firms - Essay Example This is always luxurious to the suppliers, who in a bid to keep the market under consideration will offer discounts and sale their supplies to the merged organization at a cheaper rate (Cooper, 2006). It is important to denote that the organization will not only benefit from discounted products, but it will also be able to easily access credit and finances from financial institutions cheaply. This is because of the increased size and capital base of the new organization. Another benefit of merger is that an organization is able to diversify its production and services. Take for instance, the merger between Pay Pal, and eBay. eBay is an online auctioneering firm, where as Pay Pal is an online payment system (Foster, 2010). On this basis, eBay is able to diversify the production of its services that is provision of online auction services, as well as providing services in online payments. Another important benefit of a merger is an increase in the market share of the new firm/ organization (Shenfelter and Hosken, 2010). For instance, the failed merger between Daimler and Chrysler was to help the two organizations increase the share of their markets in the United States, and Germany as a whole. This is by taking advantage of the distribution channels that the two organizations commanded. Another benefit of a merger is that they result to improving the image of a company under consideration (Cooper, 2006). This is because mergers and acquisitions normally get huge media coverage, as a result, the companies can take advantage of this, to outline their policies, and also market their products. A company that experiences a merger will also manage to increase the value of its stock, and this is because of the perception that the new entity formed will be profitable (Foster, 2010). For instance, the merger between US Airways, and the American Airlines was able to

Strategic Planning For Digital Marketing Communications Research Paper

Strategic Planning For Digital Marketing Communications - Research Paper Example Based on the outcome of this analysis, the management of the organization gets a clear perspective of the possible ways in which it might utilize the opportunities and deal with the threats successfully. Although this analysis is similar to the analysis made for any other for-profit organization, there are certain key differences. Oxfam NGO also faces some of these problems. Managers in a non-governmental organization (NGO) need to consider the impact of factors such as volunteer staff, fundraising, volunteer staff and long-term goodwill. Since these organizations do not depend on profit for their survival, the above-mentioned factors play a major role in achieving success in the long run (Turkishweekly, 2013). From the analysis (see SWOT table in appendix), it has been found that in the NGO industry, organizations face several challenges in conducting marketing communication activities. Some of the noteworthy challenges are briefly discussed below. General issues Challenge Absence o f strategic planning Many organizations in the NGO sector do not run as proper business enterprises, they face the lack of strategic planning. However, this lack of planning often creates indecisiveness or barriers in the path of marketing. Oxfam faces this problem of strategic planning at the marketing level (Ngoconnect, 2009). ...NGO industry issues Challenge Lack of funds Fundraising remains one of the major concerns for non-profit organizations. 80% of Oxfam’s activities depend on the financial assistance provided by its members, associates, and private partners while the government provides 20% of assistance (Oxfam, 2013a). Finding private donors is a challenging task. Depending on the status of the economy, the financial conditions of the donors fluctuate. Poor networking Some NGOs are not very successful in establishing strong networks with clients and other NGOs.

Nepals Participation In UN Peacekeeping

Nepals Participation In UN Peacekeeping Nepal has been taking part in UN peacekeeping missions since three years after it became a member of the UN, and has contributed numerous peacekeepers in multiple missions. Nepal commemorated 50 years of participation in UN peace support operations in 2008 and was the fourth largest troop contributor to UN peacekeeping missions in 2004 and fifth largest in 2009.  [1]  Nepal considers its contribution to UN peacekeeping operations as a tool for implementing Nepalese foreign policy, which is guided by the principles of UN Charter.  [2]   Historically, Nepals shift towards internalization was an effort to pursue foreign policy goals. The Nepalese Armys peacekeeping participation was part and parcel of that effort. The UN has provided an important forum for smaller countries like Nepal to pursue its national interests and exercise foreign policy with dignity and sovereignty.  [3]  It has also provided small countries with moral and physical security from aggression, interference, and encroachment.  [4]   Nepals major engagement in UN peacekeeping operations came during the second democratic period, 1990-2005. Nepal started sending troops under the provision of Chapter VII of UN Charter, when its troops participated in peace enforcement mission in Somalia in 1993. The Nepalese Army (NA) acquired some experience and professionalism by operating with other professional armies. Taking part in UN peacekeeping missions is also an opportunity to be operational in the field.  [5]  Before its involvement in counterinsurgency operations in Nepal in 2001, the NA had a very few opportunities to deploy its soldiers in the field to hone their skills. In addition, working with civilians during peacekeeping missions has considerably altered its approach to deal with different problems. However, from 1990 through the end of 2000 was a decade characterized by policy inconsistencies between the militarys internationalism and the governments internal orientation. The NA was solely focused on its international peacekeeping mission, while the political parties were entangled in domestic politics. There was a clear gap between the states approach and the functioning of one of the instrument of national power, the military. At the strategic level, Nepal lacked a coherent policy that would allow it to institutionalize the experience gained in international missions. Even after political change of 2005, this trend seems unceasing. My effort in this paper would be to analyze this divergence in Nepal. Before dwell upon the core issue, I attempt to give a brief account of the Nepalese peacekeeping participation in different political scenarios. Nepalese Participation in UN Peacekeeping Missions in Different Periods After becoming a member of the UN in 1955, Nepal participated in the 1958 peacekeeping mission in Lebanon, UNOGIL. Nepal has since contributed to UN missions in the Middle East, Africa, Europe and the Caribbean. The first Nepalese battalion-sized contingent, the Purano Gorakh Battalion, was deployed in Egypt with UNEF II in 1974. Throughout the whole Panchayat period, the NA participated in six different peacekeeping missions.  [6]  Nepalese peacekeepers have since made major contributions. There was a surge in NA participation in peacekeeping missions after the establishment of multiparty democracy and constitutional monarchy in 1990.  [7]  The establishment of a multiparty democratic system in Nepal was a result of the worldwide third wave of democratization. Other parts of the world saw similar political agitation, conflict and transformation. During this period, the majority of NA troops were deployed in peace enforcement and multidimensional peacekeeping operations in wh ich internal armed conflicts constituted the major problems. When the Maoists launched an armed struggle against the government, the NA faced a challenge to continue participating in peacekeeping missions. However, with the gradual increase in the size of the NA after its involvement in counterinsurgency operations, participation in peacekeeping operations was no longer hindered. Nepal has taken part in peacekeeping missions in various conflict zones, and some of the NAs high ranking officers have filled key appointments in peacekeeping missions. Not only various force commanders and high-ranking officials who directly monitor and supervise international peacekeeping in the field say that the NAs mission performance is commendable, but also UN Secretary General has praised Nepalese peacekeepers.  [8]  Its peacekeeping contributions allowed Nepal to become an organizational committee member of the UN Peace Building Commission for 2008/2009 in the category of troop-contributing countries.  [9]   As of May 2010, Nepal has contributed 76,610 troops in 35 missions around the globe, and at present, the NA has deployed more than 4,420 peacekeepers in 12 different missions in the capacity of military observers, military liaison officers, staff officers in mission headquarters, and as contingent members. The government of Nepal has signed to make 5,000 troops available, as and when requested, to the UN Standby Arrangement System (UNSAS).  [10]   There has been no change in the trend of Nepalese peacekeeping participation since its first involvement. However, Nepal faces some challenges in peacekeeping. Apart from some logistical and management difficulties, allegations of human rights violations are also causing some problems in recent years.  [11]  Despite these problems, peacekeeping participation has been continuing. The interim government led by the Nepali Congress party, the Maoist-led government, and the CPN (UML) government all emphasized and praised the Nepals peacekeeping participation wholeheartedly. Most NA members have participated in a UN peacekeeping mission at least once in their military career. After serving for a few years in the army, almost all NA officers participate in UN peacekeeping missions more than once. Participating in UN peacekeeping is an opportunity for professional enhancement for many Nepalese soldiers. Apart from gaining experience, Nepalese Army personnel also receive monetary benefits that help raise their living standards and keep them motivated during peacekeeping activities and in their own country. The UN allowance is four to eight times higher than a standard salary in Nepal. At the institutional level, economic benefits from peacekeeping have become an important source for the welfare fund. At national level it has significantly contributed to national economy and foreign currency deposit. This shows that peacekeeping missions have become the NAs one of the major roles.  [12]  The Nepalese Armys uninterrupted participation in peacekeeping miss ions during two major political revolutions in 1990 and 2006 and during its active involvement in counterinsurgency operations indicate that the NA has been transforming into a peacekeeper military as described by Paul Shemella.  [13]   In its many years of UN peacekeeping missions, Nepal has undergone through various experiences and evolution processes. The concept of peacekeeping missions emerged from the concept of collective security founded in the concept of collective defense that seeks to form alliances against any state which commits an act of aggression. During the Cold War, peacekeeping was limited to interposing troops between belligerent parties, supervising and verifying cease-fires, and observing, monitoring, and reporting. Peacekeeping duties were limited to maintaining the status quo, and emphasis was given on impartiality and minimum use of the force, in which neutral countries like Nepal, rather than the permanent members of the UN Security Council, played a crucial role.  [14]  These missions were mandated by Chapter VI of UN charter. Nepal contributed peacekeepers to missions under Chapter VI. The mere presence of blue helmets was enough to restrain the conflicting parties from further hostil ities. Non-enforcement was the norm of traditional peacekeeping. Parties were deterred from relying on force; deployment of peacekeepers began after fighting halted; peacekeepers used to create buffers without seizing territory; and rather than taking territory, peacekeepers aimed to restore order or defend the territory. During those days national contingents did not have to make their own logistical arrangements, as the Wet Lease provision provided everything from toilet paper to tanks. Such arrangements made UN peacekeeping participation less challenging to developing countries like Nepal. Government and armed forces peacekeeping responsibilities were limited to making political or operational decisions to participate in particular missions. The nature of conflict changed with the end of the Cold War, requiring a new approach to peacekeeping missions and the advent of the second and third generations of peacekeeping missions.  [15]  The new multidimensional peacekeeping operations focused on facilitating political processes; creating a secure and stable environment and strengthening state security apparatus; and providing a framework for ensuring that all UN and other actors pursue their activities with close civil and military cooperation as the key to success. Although Nepal participates in most of the multidimensional peacekeeping missions, the lack of civilian participation in the Nepalese Armys peacekeeping efforts has impeded the most needed changes in the present context of multi-dimensional peacekeeping efforts. The government treats Nepalese peacekeeping participation as the sole prerogative of the NA, showing a lack of enthusiasm to coordinate and supervise these activities. The Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Foreign Affairs have not been active enough in managing peacekeeping efforts. The process of selecting, training, equipping, projecting and maintaining peacekeepers in conflict zones has not been very effective in the changing context.  [16]  This is one of the reasons why, despite long and successful involvement in international missions and interactions with other professional armed forces, the NA could not become as efficient as it should have been. The inability to bring prompt synergic effect of peacekeeping and diplomatic efforts on the recent allegation of cholera outbreak in Haiti may have long term implications on Nepalese peacekeeping. These problems can cause a great setback in peacekeeping efforts by tarnishing the image of Nepal and the NA. The inability to demonstrate the desirable competence of civilian and military institutions has resulted in inadequate performances in diplomatic as well as operational aspects of peacekeeping.  [17]  Also, lacking a symbiotic relationship between the military and civilians with regard to peacekeeping involvement, foreign policy and security, Nepal has not been able to achieve maximum output. Foreign Policy Aspects of the Nepalese Peacekeeping The Interim Constitution of Nepal (2007) states, the Foreign Policy of Nepal shall be guided by the principles of UN Charter, nonalignment, the Panchasheel, International law and the norms of world peace.  [18]  The previous Nepalese constitution, the Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal (1990), also states that the UN Charter shall be one of the five guiding principles of Nepalese foreign policy.  [19]  The Ministry of Foreign Affairs claims that Nepal has consistently supported UN efforts to maintain peace and security by its continued participation in the UN.  [20]   The first democratic period from 1950 through 1960 was a time of political upheaval and transformation in Nepal. This was also the period of establishing national identity and preserving national integrity and sovereignty. The political parties and leaders considered the UN to be the protector and the guarantor of national identity, integrity, independence and sovereignty.  [21]  Thus, the decision to participate in UN peacekeeping missions in 1958 was a crucial one, a watershed moment in Nepalese foreign policy. When Nepal sought UN membership in 1949, the Soviet Union raised the question of Nepalese sovereignty. Nonetheless, Nepal became a UN member in 1955.  [22]  The fluid domestic, regional and international political situation made Nepals survival as a nation state of primary importance during 1950s and 1960s. In an address to the 15th Session of the UN General Assembly, Prime Minister Bisheswar Prasad Koirala said: The foreign policy of Nepal is wholly inspired by the purposes and principles of UN. We regard UN not only as a bulwark of our independence and security, but also as the protector of our rights and freedomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦We believe in the independent exercise of our judgment in considering international issuesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦While we welcome and are grateful for the help that is being given to us by friendly governments-those of India, the United States, China, the USSR, the United Kingdom and others-as well as by UN, we do not want any country to tell us how we should think, or how we should conduct our internal affairs.  [23]   After the Rana rule and until 1960, the various governments in Nepal had different foreign policy preferences.  [24]  But the king wanted to have a balanced relationship between the two giant neighbors and to maintain the sovereignty of Nepal. While the king was searching for opportunities, he found that participating in international peacekeeping missions under the aegis of the UN was the best way to retain sovereignty and national independence. From 1961 through 1971, King Mahendra played a key role in shaping and implementing foreign policy, seeking to achieve three main objectives: maximization, diversification and mobilization. He first tried to expand the playing field of foreign policy by exploiting the preferences and the clash of interests between India, China and other major powers. Then he sought to go beyond a limited reliance on a few resources. Finally, he utilized Nepals active participation in international forums like UN and the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to pressure and mobilize regional and international powers in Nepals favor.  [25]   To utilize peacekeeping participation as a tool to protect Nepals sovereignty, the king dovetailed the armys peacekeeping efforts with countrys foreign policy objectives, adopting an internationalist approach to foreign policy.  [26]  This internationalist approach produced a synergic outcome by effectively utilizing the NAs peacekeeping participation to search for Nepals space in international forums. The internationalism came to fruition when Nepal was chosen for important responsibilities in the UN. For instance, Nepal led the Commission of Investigation into the Conditions and Circumstances resulting in the tragic death of then Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold, who was killed in a plane crash at Ndola in Lusaka in 1961.  [27]  The internationalist approach also helped Nepal to become a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council in 1969-70 and in 1988-89 by an overwhelming majority. Nepals Zone of Peace Proposal, based on Panchasheel, was a reflection of Nepals aspi ration to achieve and maintain its sovereignty, integrity and independence without interference from neighboring countries.  [28]  A total of 116 countries supported the proposal, including four permanent members of the UN Security Council. Additionally, this approach helped Nepal to project its image to the international community and to maintain its sovereignty, independence and national integrity. The outcome of the internationalist approach during 1970s and 1980s was positive and significant.  [29]  But the democratic government formed after 1990 could not formulate any new policy or vision for employing the army in peacekeeping missions, nor did it wholeheartedly continue existing policies. Thus the internationalist approach became dormant. The NAs profound contribution to UN peacekeeping missions could not be fully utilized to support foreign policy objectives and national interests. The Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Foreign Affairs also kept a low profile. Without a dedicated defense minister and without the Ministry playing an effective role in peacekeeping activities, peacekeeping remained solely the armys private domain. Since political attention to the internationalist approach was not sufficient, the NAs participation in UN peacekeeping missions continued without meaningful political-diplomatic congruity.  [30]  This resulted in diplomatic setbacks. For instance, by eliminating Nepal, Indonesia was elected as the UN Security Councils non-permanent member for a two years term starting in January 2007.  [31]  There could be many reasons for this failure including the weakening of Nepali diplomacy on various fronts. However, some posit that it also points to the ineffectiveness of recent Nepalese peacekeeping initiatives. Chiran Thapa writes, Despite Nepals contribution to numerous UN led peace operations, the rejection of Nepals candidacy by an overwhelming majority at the General Assembly clearly suggests that the international community deems Nepal as less capable of serving global security interests.  [32]  In the face of Nepals widely lauded participation in peacekeeping, why Nepal is less capable in international forums is a serious issue. Conclusion Over fifty years, the NAs participation in UN peacekeeping has been remarkable. Although Nepals first democratic period (1950-1960) was full of chaos, the political forces in the country realized the necessity of taking an internationalist approach. Therefore, this period was a watershed in Nepals peacekeeping participation as well as its approach to foreign policy. Although an authoritative regime, the Panchayat period was an extension and consolidation of the same policies with enhanced participation. The positive outcome of the peacekeeping effort was seen during the 1970s and 1980s. After the reestablishment of democracy in 1990, Nepalese peacekeeping efforts increased tremendously, but foreign policy did not go along the peacekeeping contribution. The democratic forces could not fill in the authoritative vacuum created by the political change between the two instruments of national power, military and diplomacy. Despite some shortcomings, Nepals performance in peacekeeping missi ons has been very successful and widely acclaimed. Nepal could have benefitted highly, both diplomatically and politically, but did not. Nepals peacekeeping participation is being continued in the same pace even after the establishment of republic system. Despite many political ups and downs and changes in political system, there is no difference in opinion in Nepal about its participation in peacekeeping operations. This clearly indicates that there is a consensus among the Nepalese political parties that peacekeeping participation contributes to Nepals vital interests. Therefore, the time has come to reassess the gap between the Nepalese peacekeeping participation and foreign policy goal and rectify existing inconsistencies and digressions before it becomes too late.

Imperial presidency :: essays research papers

Imperial Presidency 2 examples from 19th century - Lincoln suspended Habeas Corpus - Jefferson bought Louisiana, wasn’t his Constitutional right - Jackson breaks up national bank into many â€Å"pet banks† - Jackson forced out Cherokee Indians even after Supreme Court decided on Indian side: â€Å"Supreme Court has made their decision; now let them enforce it.† 4 examples from 20th century - FDR declared neutrality but sold Destroyers to Britain (Lend Lease) - Truman ceased a steel mill during Cold War because he didn’t like how it was running - Nixon ruined executive privilege, kept illegal actions secret until Supreme Court ruled it as a criminal investigation. (Watergate) - Nixon bombed Cambodia without Congressional approval, without congress or people knowing, caused country to fall under communism. - Reagan wanted to fund the Contras in Nicaragua who wanted to overthrow Communist rule, congress did not approve, so he sold weapons to terrorist group in Iran and used the money from the sells to fun Contras behind Congress’ back. -After FDR, no other president has approval to declare wars but invaded countries anyway, i.e. Vietnam, Korea, Afghanistan, and Iraq. 5 factors which lead to Imperial Presidents - The world has become more advanced, Interdependent economy - The changing times causes people to want a powerful president - Foreign policy is main factor, because the decision to go to war (Doctrines) - Gradual change after states of emergencies, i.e. great depression, cold war, and now 9/11 - The belief that U.S. is super power, therefore leader of U.C. should be as powerful - The party system falling apart, party leaders were weak, organizations were irrelevant, and president was the focus due to media (internet, TV) - The decay of parties left him with control of political scene - The change in economy, gives government new powers, but the opportunity goes to President (FDR’s new deal) - Nuclear age gave president good reason for executive privilege because no one else should know.

Laboratory Techniques and Measurements

Name: Kensley Shelley|Date: 9-17-12| Exp 2: Laboratory Techniques & Measurements|Lab Section: 0000| Data Tables: Step 1: Length and Measurements Object Measured|Length in cm|Length in mm| Key|5. 15 cm|51. 5 mm| CD|12. 0 cm|120. 0 mm| Fork Spoon|18. 05 cm 16. 30 cm|180. 5 mm 163. 0 mm| Step 2: Warm Temperature Measurements Hot tap water temperature49. 50_? C Boiling water temperature __immediately:104. 5; after 5 minutes: 103. 0__? C Step 3: Cold Temperature Measurements Cold tap water temperature_24. 5_? C Ice water temperature after 1 min:4. 5, after 5 min:1. 0 ? C Step 4: Volume MeasurementsVolume of half filled graduated cylinder__12. 5__mL Volume of completely filled small test tube __n/a__mL Number of drops in 1 mL___14_drops Volume of the micro pipet __28__ drops_2___mL Step 6: Density Measurements Part A Mass of empty graduated cylinder_16. 9_g Mass of graduated cylinder and water 21. 1_g Net mass of the water __4. 2_g Density of the water_0. 84_ g/mL Part B Mass of graduated cylinder and alcohol _20. 4_g Net mass of the alcohol __3. 5_g Density of the alcohol__0. 7__ g/mL Part C Mass of graduated cylinder and salt solution ____g Net mass of the salt solution____gDensity of the salt solution____ g/mL Part D Volume of half filled graduated cylinder__8. 0__mL Volume of half filled graduated cylinder and metal bolt_9. 1__mL Volume of the metal bolt_1. 1_mL Mass of the metal bolt __7. 2__g Density of the metal bolt__6. 55__g/mL Part E Mass of half filled beaker__89. 0__g Mass of water displaced by metal bolt__90. 1__g Volume of the metal bolt__1. 1__cc Density of the metal bolt__6. 55__g/cc Mass of half filled beaker__89. 0__g Mass of water displaced by magnet__89. 8__g Volume of the magnet _0. _cc Mass of the magnet __4. 0_g Mass when dropping the magnet in the beaker__92. 9__g Density of the magnet__5. 00__g/cc Calculated volume of the magnet using dimensions of length x width x height__0. 78__cc Density of magnet using the calculated volume_5. 13___g/cc C onclusion: Questions and Problems: A. Which method of determining density is more accurate, the water displacement method in Part D or Archimedes’ principle method in Part E? Why? For the metal bolt, I received the same answer for both experiments, so I would say both were equally accurate in my experiment.B. What is the relationship between mL and cm3? They equal each other; mL = cc C. Everyone knows that water is supposed to boil at 100 ° C. Why did your water sample boil at a different temperature? Water boils at different temperatures depending on the altitude. The higher pressure in the air keeps the molecules from escaping as easily. D. To help you get a feel for metric measurements, you need to know the relative magnitude of a few basic measurements. For example: 1 mm = thickness of a dime, a penny weighs 2 ? grams, and 20 °C = normal room temperature. Determine the following: . What is the mass in kilograms (kg) of a person who weighs 143 lb? 64. 86 kg 2. What wei ghs approximately 1 g? dollar bill, paper clip 3. What is approximately 1 cm long, wide or thick? fingernail is 1 cm wide 4. What weighs about 100 g? 20 nickels, 40 pennies 5. What weighs about 1000 g? 1 liter of water Conclusion: The experiment was designed to help acquaint the student with proper laboratory measurements and techniques. This was done by allowing the student to use the different lab tools in a variety of ways, such as: heating, measurements, volume, and density.In completing this lab, I am better aware of the different tools which will be used and how to properly use them, because a slight mistake in measuring can skew your data. I witnessed this in the density calculations in that the wrong mass or volume could greatly skew the results of the density. I first recorded 7. 6 g as the mass for the metal bolt, but on second glance I realized it was only 7. 2 g. While this may not seem significant at first, having a difference of 0. 4 g is very significant in determinin g the correct density. I also observed how important it is to account for one uncertain digit.When measuring items using the cm side of the ruler, I had to account for an uncertain digit when it measured in between two lines. Accounting for this uncertain digit helps to gain a more accurate reading. Also, reading at the bottom of the meniscus is also very important when measuring. When I first used the beaker, I did not get down to eye level and therefore I could not properly see the meniscus, but after putting it to eye level, I could see that I was slightly off on my measurement. I also learned how to determine the mass of certain objects that are not easily measured.I did so by first measuring the cylinder's mass and then measuring the mass of the cylinder with the liquid in it. I was then able to subtract the two and get a good measurement of the mass of the liquid. Another technique practiced was using displaced water to determine the volume and subsequently the density of an o bject. By putting the object on a string and placing it in the water, I was able to record the mass of the displaced water (90. 1 g), which i was then able to convert to the volume of the object (1. 1 mL). This number along with the mass of the object (7. g), could then be converted to the density of the object (6. 55 g/cc). There were a few potential errors that could have occurred while preforming the experiments. First, when calibrating my at home scale, I had to place an object that was 500 g on the scale. While I believe the object I placed on it was close to that mass, it could have been off slightly which could have skewed my results. Also, there is always the possibility of miscalculations when I was determining the volume of the magnet using the ruler. There is always the chance of miss counting something which can led to inaccurate results. Laboratory Techniques and Measurements Measurement:Length, Mass, Volume, Density, and Time Peter Jeschofnig, Ph. D. Version 42-0267-00-01 Lab RepoRt assistant This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor. Data Table 1: Estimation of various measurements| Measurement| Estimated| Actual| % Error| Length (m)| | | | Time (s)| | | |Mass (g)| | | | Data Table 2: Measurement of an object using various instruments| | Length(cm)| Width(cm)| Height(cm)| Volume(cm3)| Object Being Measured:| | | | | Hand (hand units)| | | | | Hand (cm)| | | | | Ruler| | | | | Meter tape| | | | | Data Table 3: Measurement of an object using various instruments| | Length(cm)| Width(cm)| Height(cm)| Volume (cm3)| Object Being Measured:| | | | | Hand (hand units)| | | | | Hand (cm)| | | | | Ruler| | | | | Meter tape| | | | | Data Table 4: Measurement of an object using various instruments| | Length(cm)| Width(cm)| Height(cm)| Volume(cm3)| Object Being Measured:| | | | |Hand (hand units)| | | | | Hand (cm)| | | | | Ruler| | | | | Meter tape| | | | | Data Table 5: Determination of ? | Object| DiameterD(cm)| CircumferenceC(cm)| Slope| % Error| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Data Table 6: Density measurements| Method| Volume of water in graduated cylinder (mL)| Volume of water+ bolt(mL)| Volume of bolt (mL)| Mass of bolt in air (g)| Mass of bolt in water (g)| Mass of bolt â€Å"lost† in water (g)| Density orS. G. ofbolt(g/mL)S. G. =unitless| Water- displacement method| | | | | | | | Archimedes’ principle method| | | | | | | | Data Table 7: Time measurements using visual cues| Drop time (s)| Trial 1| | Trial 2| | Trial 3| | Average| | Data Table 8: Time meas urements using auditory cues| | Drop time (s)| Trial 1| | Trial 2| | Trial 3| | Average| | Questions Exercise 1: Estimation of Various Measurements A. Why is it important to correctly estimate length, time, and mass? Exercise 2: Measuring Using Instruments of Varying Degrees of Precision A. Can you think of an occasion when it would be adequate to use your â€Å"hand† measurement? B. What would happen to your volume calculations if the length, width and height measurements were off a little? Exercise 3: Graphing data and the determination of ?Object Description| Diameter (cm)| Circumference (cm)| Measuring Device| Penny| 1. 90  ± 0. 01| 5. 93  ± 0. 03| Vernier caliper, paper| â€Å"D† cell battery| 3. 30  ± 0. 02| 10. 45  ± 0. 05| Vernier caliper, paper| PVC cylinder A| 4. 23  ± 0. 02| 13. 30  ± 0. 03| Vernier caliper, paper| PVC cylinder B| 6. 04  ± 0. 02| 18. 45  ± 0. 05| Plastic ruler, paper| Tomato soup can| 6. 6  ± 0. 1| 21. 2  ± 0. 1| Plastic ruler, paper| 5. Graph C vs. d using a computer spreadsheet program. 7. What is the slope of the line? What does it represent? 8. Calculate the percent error of your value from the true value of pi.Exercise 4: Density Measurements A. Which of the two volume determinations will be more accurate? Why? B. Research the Archimedes’ principle method. Write one paragraph explaining why it is called Archimedes’ principle Exercise 5: Time Measurements A. Which is more accurate, the individual times or the average? Explain. B. Sometimes many trials are run and recorded. Then the highest and lowest data points are disregarded when taking the average. Could this technique help in this experiment? How? C. Explain any differences that occurred between recording the data visually and aurally.

Binary oppositions of Male/Female in Wide Sargasso Sea Essay

The novel Wide Sargasso Sea is basically a contrast as well as shows similarities between main male and female characters of the novel. The Male of England vs. the Female of Caribbean is the focus of this essay. Both the characters play an important role in enhancing the themes, symbols and metaphors of the novel. No doubt, the writer of the novel Rhys has done a great job in explaining different psychological states of both the characters while putting them in different social situations. The first similarity between them is the search for security. In their entire lives they keep on searching for physical and mental securities. Antoinette wants it in the form of a man who can support him in many different ways and Rochester wants security in terms of finance and of the fulfillment of his lust. With security, they are in search of happiness also but the operational definition of happiness to both of them is completely different and which is the main crises of the novel. According to Rochester, happiness is in physical love and wealth while to Antoinette happiness is in being a protected woman. The main desire of Antoinette in the novel is being loved and respected but unfortunately her man is unable to satisfy her in that manner. He never tries to understand his wife and always wants her to follow what he says, regardless of the fact that she is a human being and trusts him to extent. Rochester is in a superiority complex because of his complexion and is under the impression that he’s superior to others because he belongs to England. Not only he himself is in superior complex, he wants to have an upper hand on Antoinette and associates her with inferiority because of her dirty childhood. This is a human nature that everyone likes his/her mother land and so in the case of the novel. The guy of England doesn’t like to live in Caribbean and the girl of Caribbean can’t adopt the culture of England. They not only love their places but also hate to live at each other’s†¦ Rochester feels insecure with the people of Caribbean and not feels comfortable living there. He is the man who has spent his early years in a developed country and can’t adjust to a landscape now. On the other side, Antoinette is under the impression that her man’s dry behavior is due to the fact that he has to live in a totally different environment and she is, to some extent, true as well. One of the very important similarities between both the characters is dependence. She is dependent on him for social and financial management. Being a lady, she has to have a man to secure her in every possible way while he’s dependent on her for sexually satisfying himself. He’s dependent in the context of wealth as well. Antoinette wants to dominant her fear (of childhood) through getting a life partner where Rochester wants a companion to satisfy his sexual desires. She goes through a miserable childhood and this is the cause of her psychological state that comes in the later part of the novel. In the novel, both of the main characters go through some type of mental disorder. Antoinette, being insecure to an extent that locks her in the room while Rochester experiences paranoia and thinks that his lady will leave him in that fearful and insecure place. The novel is tragic, not because it has a sad ending but because both of the characters are unsuccessful in achieving their targets. Not only they lead their lives miserably but they meet an unhappy and tragic end as well. Instead of becoming a lady of her man’s heart, she is supposed to become a slave and on the other hand Rochester is under the impression that his lady doesn’t love him at all and has no interest in living with him. Throughout the novel, both of them keep on expecting from each other but running after their own happiness and desires of lives. We see that they want to lead their lives according to their wishes. She doesn’t want to live in England while he hates Caribbean. We hardly see any element of compromise between them. They are less human in the sense that they give importance to their desires over people. But we have sympathy to both the characters also because this behavior of being selfish is due to the society. Her nature of being loved is due to her dark and unloved childhood while his obsession of money has excuses too. In a sense, both of them want happiness throughout the novel but meet a woeful end! Work Cited Rhys, Jean. , Wide Sargasso Sea

The Mind of a Serial Killer essays

The Mind of a Serial Killer essays In the last three decades the USA has been troubled by an approaching problem, the serial killer. A serial killer is a person who kills a number of people, usually considered over five, with a cooling off period between each murder, usually one murder at one given time). Two murders at one time occasionally happen and these murders may go on for a period of months or years until the killer is caught. Throughout the last three decades the US serial killer rate has risen 94% and it is estimated that by the next millennium it will claim an average of 11 lives a day. Serial Murder is an epidemic; there are at least 35 serial killers active in the USA today who claim one third of the annual murder rate. The USA has 6% of the world's population yet it has three quarters of all serial killers. Not only are serial killers appearing in more numbers in the US but also all over the world countries are terrorized by serial killers, which are appearing in more numbers year and year after. A serial killer is a typical white male, 20-30, and most of them are usually in the USA. Their main motives are sex (even though the act of sex may or may not take place), power, manipulation, domination and control. The sex motive is usually rape for an organized killer and sadism for a disorganized killer. They act in a series of 5 or more murders with a cooling off period between each murder. Serial killers can go on for months and years before they are usually caught. The victim is usually the same for every killer - prostitute, hitchhiker etc. Their victims may also have the same or similar attributes in gender, age, race, general look, residence etc. Serial killers also stick by their modus operandi very closely and may change it with experience. Most murders occur by strangulation, suffocation, stabbing etc. Serial killers act by a sex-murder fantasy based with their control, they usually live in this dream world in their teens until they...

The Argument For Not Executing Saddam Hussein Essay

The Argument For Not Executing Saddam Hussein - Essay Example The reasons for this are numerous, but there are several primary reasons that are worth considering. The first, of course, is that if Saddam Hussein to remain imprisoned for life, his imprisonment would serve to remind the Iraqi people that they were once persecuted as citizens, without consideration of their religious sect or what value they contributed to their society and country as individuals. Saddam Hussein, along with his two sons, Uday and Qusay, who were killed in July, 2003,1perpetrated crimes against their own citizens and against their international neighbors, and used their positions of power to indiscriminately brutalize men, women and children says Dr. Sahib Al Hakim, ". . . who spent six years, until the invasion of 2003, calling for Saddam Hussein to be put on trial, organizing a weekly picket in London's Trafalgar Square. Over a million people signed a petition calling for Saddam's trial. But although the Iraqi dictator is now in custody, Dr. Al Hakim still has many more questions."2 Imprisoned for life, Saddam Hussein stands as the image of the abuse of power, th e man who, along with his sons, demonstrated a complete disregard for humanity and the Koran and committed acts of atrocity and unspeakable human rights violations against women. Like Dr. Al Hakim, should Saddam remain imprisoned for life, others will be reminded, even if only intermittently, of their lives when their country was held in the power of a vicious dictator. Saddam Hussein, who now stands before an Iraqi court, dressed as an Arab and holding a copy of the Koran, causes Dr. Al Hakim to question, "Why was he allowed to wear Arab headdress to indicate his association with the Arab world, and to hold the Koran' He never did this before."3 Like Al Hakim, those people whose lives were irrevocably altered by the acts of violence committed against them and their families by the former dictator or his sons, will always seek to have the questions on their mind answered - so long as the dictator remains alive. From the Western perspective, this means that the Iraqi people will perhaps be reminded of their former dictator, and regardless of the title or how the person or persons who seek to undermine their opportunity for independence looks, or whether or not they hold in their hands a copy of the Koran; the Iraqi people will not surrender their independence to people who would have the sole power over them as did Saddam Hussein. The Western hope would be that Iraq, when the people of Iraq have complete independence and freedom to elect their own leadership and government, will not go the way of Iran and surrender that opportunity to the religious fundamentalists who will take them back in time, instead of progressively forward as participants in the world market - which could bring the citizens of Iraq many opportunities and improved living conditions - as well as being participants in a world community where the talents and expertise and goals of the world are focused on resolving import ant issues like AIDS, famine, and environmental conditions that can only be solved by working together. Another reason, and a very

What Next For Apple Inc. After Steve Jobs Death Essay

What Next For Apple Inc. After Steve Jobs Death - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that after Steve Job’s death in 2011, most of Apple’s competitors thought that they had a nice opportunity to overtake them in the software industry. Most of Apple’s competitors at the time of Steve Job’s death included Samsung Electronics, Amazon, Google, Nokia, and Sony. The Smartphones and tablets that were being produced by Apple mostly had competition from Amazon’s Kindle Fire and the Nook. However, Apple was the leading firm before 2011 because of Steve Job’s strategies that he had used in the market many analysts believed that it was the end of Apple industry. With Steve’s death, the company had stiff competition from google’s Android system. Furthermore, the iTunes were facing competition from Netfix that wanted to take over the living rooms in the world stage. Facebook had also come into being and wanted to dominate the internet business by coming up with their own windows tha t would an access to the internet while Amazon was entering into the tablet market at Job’s time of death. Cooke had now to battle with google and to maintain the image of the company. The Apple company faced competition mainly on her Tablet industry and the emergency of google Android and the Blackberry’s Smartphones. In the year of Job’s death, Blackberry industry announced the release of a new Smartphone that had quite touching features that changed the way business people operated. The move was intended to edge over Apple’s iPhone that had not been in the market for long at that time. (Stephen, Jerry, & Richard 1993). The blackberry release had nice features such as touch screens, slide-out keyboards that was a clear indication of the of the step they had taken in the production of the phones. This enabled different business people to be in touch with the world. Thus blackberry had a higher power in the production of such phones that posed a greater competition to her competitors mainly Apple (Peter 2012). The use of corporate strategy and strategic outsourcing was vital. Rivalry In the traditional business, the issue of competing firms often drove profits to almost zero. In any competitive environment the competing firms come up with different strategies in order to edge out their competitors. Therefore a firm without any competitive advantage would find herself operating on losses or lost most of their customers to their competitors. Due to the competition from Amazon’s Kindle Fire and Nook tablets, the Amazon had decided to lower her prices in order to outweigh Apple’s tablets (Manjoo 2010). However he continues to assert that Apple decided to attract more customers by increasing the features of the Tablet and coming up with more applications that would be used by the business people (Apple's strategy 2009). Threat of Substitutes These refer to products from other industries apart from Apple that have the same or similar functions to customers. The move by google to produce Android prompted a move by Apple to produce iPhone 5 that would compete with the product that serve the same purpose. The industry faced the challenge of implementing the iPad That had been launched just before Job’s death , in Steve job’s management the Apple company had managed to create Apple 2, Macintosh, the iTunes, the iPod and the iPad in order to deal with other substitute products from other industries (Mary & Robert 1994). They used business level strategy to deal with the threat from other similar products. Buyer Power Most companies and other government agencies mostly issue blackberry to their employees for business transactions a show that the Apple company is really facing much competition to attract her customers in the industry. The blackberry company is though promising new an operating system that would be in much